بایسته‌های حقوق مالکیت فکری در حوزه کلان‌داده‌های ناشی از اکوسیستم «اینترنت اشیا»

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار حقوق خصوصی، گروه حقوق، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه جهرم، جهرم، ایران.

چکیده

پارادایم نوظهور «اینترنت اشیا» با ایجاد شبکه‌ای یکپارچه از اجسام فیزیکی مجهز به حسگرهای پیشرفته، پردازشگرهای داده و زیرساخت‌های ارتباطی، مرزهای محیط واقعی و دیجیتال را درنوردیده و داده‌هایی با حجم، تنوع و سرعت بی‌سابقه موسوم به «کلان‌داده‌ها» تولید می‌نماید. پژوهش حاضر با تمرکز بر تحلیل چارچوب‌های حمایتی حقوق مالکیت فکری در اکوسیستم اینترنت اشیا، درصدد واکاوی این پرسش اساسی است که چگونه می‌توان در محدوده نظام مالکیت فکری، جایگاهی حقوقی برای حمایت از کلان‌داده‌های تولیدشده در این فضا تعریف کرد. با اتخاذ رویکردی توصیفی-تحلیلی و با ارزیابی ظرفیت‌های نهادهای کلاسیک مالکیت فکری از جمله کپی‌رایت، نظام حق اختراع و حمایت از اسرار تجاری، این مقاله استدلال می‌نماید که این مکانیسم‌ها، تنها وجوه محدودی از واقعیت پیچیده اینترنت اشیا را پوشش داده و در مواجهه با ماهیت منحصربه‌فرد کلان‌داده‌های حاصله از آنها که از حیث فقدان اصالت اثر، نبود شرط نوآوری و دشواری در تحقق شرط محرمانگی، با چالش‌های ماهوی بنیادینی روبه­رو هستند. یافته‌های این تحقیق حاکی از آن است که نارسایی ذاتی این نهادهای حقوقی در تطبیق با ویژگی‌های ذاتی کلان‌داده‌ها، تقنین‌گذاران و حقوقدانان را ناگزیر از خلق چارچوب‌های نظری مستقل و طراحی سازوکارهای‌های حمایتی نوین می‌سازد که بتواند پاسخی درخور به مسائل حقوقی بی‌پیشینه این عرصه باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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