تحلیل حق انحلال شرکت سهامی و کارکرد آن در حمایت از سهامداران اقلیت با مطالعه تطبیقی در نظام حقوقی انگلیس، آلمان، فرانسه و ایران

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار گروه فقه و مبانی حقوق، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

حکومت قاعده اکثریت در شرکت­های سهامی، سهامداران اقلیت را همواره در معرض خطر نادیده گرفتن حقوق و منافعشان قرار می­دهد. به همین دلیل، حق انحلال شرکت از دیرباز به عنوان یک راهکار سنتی برای حمایت از سهامداران اقلیت در برابر تجاوزات سهامداران اکثریت و مدیران شرکت تعبیه شده است. لیکن، این موضوع امروزه مورد تردید قرار گرفته است؛ به گونه­ای که در برخی نظام­های حقوقی رویکردی مدرن نسبت به درخواست حق انحلال شرکت توسط سهامداران اقلیت ایجاد شده است. رویکرد مدرن با بهره­گیری از روش قراردادی و رجوع به داوری در تلاش است که راهکارهای جایگزینی ارائه نماید تا مشکلات و دشواری­های ناشی از انحلال شرکت را مرتفع سازد. مقاله پیش­رو به روش توصیفی و تحلیلی ضمن بررسی شرایط انحلال و رویکردهای سنتی و مدرن در نظام­های حقوقی آمریکا، آلمان، فرانسه و انگلیـس، موضوع انحلال شرکت را در شرکت­های سهامی ایران بررسی کرده و اتخاذ رویکرد سنتی اصلاح­شده را راهکار بهتری برای حمایت از سهامداران اقلیت می­داند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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