Analysis of the legal effects of expressing virtual will in the electronic registration of official documents in Iranian law

Articles in Press

Document Type : Scientific Research

Authors

1 Department of law،Ar.C،Islamic Azad university،Arak،Iran 2_Department of law،Far.C،Islamic Azad university،Farahan،Iran

2 M.Sc. Student in Private Law, Department of Law, Ar. C, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran

Abstract

This article adopts a descriptive-analytical approach to examine the legal effects of virtual expression of will in the electronic registration of official documents within the Iranian legal system. As law is inherently responsive to social and technological changes, recent advancements in information and communication technologies have introduced new legal concepts such as electronic signatures and electronic official documents. These innovations have significantly transformed the traditional model of public service delivery, particularly affecting the conventional system of document registration and paving the way for its electronic expansion in Iran.Virtual expression of will understood as the declaration of intent through digital tools like online platforms, electronic forms, and secure digital signatures has gained increasing legal relevance. While this development offers efficiency and accessibility, it also presents several legal challenges. These include the authenticity and legal validity of virtual declarations, the attribution of such expressions to natural or legal persons, and their admissibility before third parties and official authorities.Although the Electronic Commerce Act and certain Iranian regulations have recognized aspects of this transformation, important gaps remain. Key issues such as identity verification, data security, and the reliability of digital signatures still need to be resolved.The article concludes by recommending legal and technical reforms, including the strengthening of legislative frameworks, development of infrastructure, and establishment of oversight mechanisms. It argues that reliable electronic document registration can be achieved through secure digital signature technologies and real-time identity verification systems, ensuring legal trust and efficiency in modern document processes

Keywords

Main Subjects

Civil Law Knowledge

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 08 October 2025

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics