مسئولیت مدنی وکیل در قبال موکل در حقوق ایران و فرانسه

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری حقوق خصوصی ، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه مازندران، مازندران، ایران

2 دکتری حقوق خصوصی، دانشکده حقوق و الهیات و علوم سیاسی، واحد علوم تحقیقات، دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی، تهران،ایران

چکیده

در حقوق ایران و فرانسه تعهدات وکیل در برابر موکل یا به‌طور مستقیم ناشی از عقد وکالت است که به «تعهدات قراردادی» مرسوم هستند و یا اینکه ناشی از الزاماتی است که به‌موجب قانون برای شخص ایجاد می‌شود که از آن تحت عنوان «تعهدات قانونی» یاد می‌شود. یافته­های حاصل از پژوهش نشان داد که حقوق فرانسه نشان از وسعت تعهدات و مسئولیت‌های هر یک از وکیل و موکل در مقابل یکدیگر دارد و همچنین در حقوق ایران مانند فقه مرسوم است که اصولاً به شرح برخی از تعهدات و مسئولیت ناشی از ید ضمانی وکیل در صورت تعدی و تفریط در مقابل موکل بسنده شود. از سوی دیگر، تبیین وظایف و تکالیف وکیل در قبال موکل و مسئولیت مدنی ناشی از نقض و عدم انجم تعهدات می‌تواند به‌عنوان یک یادآوری برای برخی وکلا باشد تا بدانند که هدف از ورود به این حرفه تنها کسب سود نیست، بلکه تحقق بخشیدن به آرمان احقاق حق و ابطال باطل می‌باشد. بنابراین، هدف از گردآوری این پژوهش بررسی تطبیقی شرایط مسئولیت مدنی وکیل در حقوق ایران و فرانسه است. روش تحقیق در این مقاله به صورت توصیفی- تحلیلی است و شیوۀ گردآوری مطالب به صورت کتابخانه ای – اسنادی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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