نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار گروه فقه و مبانی حقوق اسلامی، دانشکده الهیات و معارف اسلامی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران.
2 استاد گروه فقه و مبانی حقوق اسلامی، دانشکده الهیات و معارف اسلامی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران.
چکیده
مالکیت ویژگیای است که در اثر هرگونه سلطه قانونی به وجود میآید. آنچه تاکنون از این ویژگی گفته شده، در عرصه زمین بوده؛ در حالی که تلاش انسان برای حضور، فعالیت و زندگی در فضای خارج از زمین رو به افزایش است. همگام با این تلاش، بررسی جوانب گوناگون موضوع از دیدگاه حقوقی بیشتر اهمیت پیدا کرد. اگر زمانی جامعه جهانی با نگارش پیمانهای بینالمللی برای حضور انسان در فضا بسترسازی مینمود، امروزه زوایای دقیق این حضور، نظریهپردازی حقوقی در این عرصه را ناگزیر کرده است. یکی از این جوانب، کاربست «مالکیت» ماه است که معاهده فضای ماورای جو (1967) و موافقتنامه ماه (1979)، «ماه» و منابع طبیعی آن را میراث مشترک بشریت دانسته و هرگونه ادعای مالکیت نسبت به آن را رد نمودند. در این نوشتار که به شیوه توصیفی ـ تحلیلی سامان یافته، بر بنیاد حقوق اسلامی و با توجه به اینکه تاکنون در عرصه بینالمللی نسبت به مالکیت «ماه» توافقی به دست نیامده، در راستای همگامی با روح معاهدات بینالمللی، جنبه رد مالکیت «ماه» پذیرفته شد.
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